Vertigo or severe dizziness creates a spinning sensation that may stem from problems involving the inner ear or brain. Diagnostic testing evaluates possible causes, while treatment options include medication, physical therapy, and vestibular rehabilitation. Because treatment depends on the underlying cause, providers use examination findings and test results to guide the treatment plan. Here is more information about therapies for managing vertigo:
Identifying Common Causes
Vertigo may originate from the inner ear or brain. Peripheral vertigo involves the inner ear, while central vertigo relates to conditions affecting the brain. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo often causes peripheral vertigo, and changes in head position might trigger symptoms. Other conditions associated with severe dizziness include:
- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
- Meniere’s disease
- Labyrinthitis
- Migraines
- Seizures
- Multiple sclerosis
- Stroke
- Arrhythmia
- Head injuries
- Tumors
Certain medications, alcohol consumption, and prolonged bed rest may also contribute to severe dizziness. Because possible causes vary, providers review medical history and symptoms before determining whether additional testing is appropriate. Diagnostic findings provide further information about the possible source of vertigo.
Diagnosing the Root Cause
Diagnosing vertigo begins with a medical evaluation. Providers review symptoms and medical history, while physical and neurological examinations provide additional information about possible causes. Because severe dizziness has several potential sources, further testing may follow the initial examination.
Electronystagmography, or ENG, measures involuntary eye movements. The test can provide information about balance and inner ear concerns, while results help providers evaluate possible sources of severe dizziness. Findings from ENG become part of the broader diagnostic evaluation.
An electroencephalogram, or EEG, measures electrical activity in the brain. Providers might use this test when evaluating neurological causes, including possible seizure activity. Blood tests and imaging studies may also provide additional diagnostic information. When combined with examination findings, these tests help providers determine the possible cause and guide treatment decisions.
Treating Vertigo with Therapy
Vertigo treatment depends on its underlying cause. Physical therapy is able to address balance concerns, while medication therapy may target symptoms associated with certain conditions. Vestibular rehabilitation uses specialized exercises to address balance and coordination. Because treatment needs vary, providers select therapies according to diagnostic findings and individual symptoms.
Surgery might become appropriate when a structural condition contributes to severe dizziness. Brain tumors or certain neck injuries can require surgical treatment, while other causes involve nonsurgical approaches. A provider reviews the underlying condition before discussing whether surgery belongs in the treatment plan.
Knowing When to Seek Help
Severe dizziness does not always require medical treatment. Sudden, recurring, or worsening symptoms are able to warrant evaluation, while a neurological examination can provide information about possible causes. Because severe dizziness has several potential sources, a neurologist might review symptom patterns, medical history, and examination findings. Medical evaluation provides guidance about diagnosis and appropriate treatment options.
Schedule Your Consultation Today
Vertigo may interfere with balance and daily activities. Treatment options vary, and the appropriate approach depends on the underlying cause. Because vertigo might involve the inner ear or brain, an evaluation provides information for developing an individualized treatment plan. Schedule a vertigo evaluation today to discuss your symptoms and available treatment options.
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